Abstract

Definite or suspected occupational exposure of healthcare workers to human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a medical emergency.1 Post-exposure prophylaxis (PEP) with antiretroviral drugs is widely available following such exposure, aiming to prevent HIV infection.1 PEP following non-occupational exposure (nPEP) is also increasingly being provided.2 The term PEPSE (PEP following sexual exposure) is also commonly used, recognising that most non-occupational exposure is sexual.3 Here we discuss the evidence supporting the use of PEP and nPEP and advice in current guidelines.