Earlier this year, the European Medicines Agency (EMA) reported the findings of its review on the use of adrenaline auto-injectors.¹ The review was instigated as a result of concerns that currently available devices may deliver adrenaline under the skin instead of into a muscle. The EMA–s Committee for Medicinal Products for Human Use (CHMP) acknowledged that several factors affect whether adrenaline is delivered into muscle, and these include needle length, the thickness of fat under the skin, the way the auto-injector works, the angle …