Unexpected paracetamol (acetaminophen) hepatotoxicity at standard dosage in two older patients: time to rethink 1 g four times daily?

Age Ageing. 2016 Jul;45(4):566-7. doi: 10.1093/ageing/afw067. Epub 2016 Apr 21.

Abstract

We present two cases of acute hepatotoxicity associated with elevated paracetamol (acetaminophen) levels in older patients. Both patients were receiving a standard European dose of oral paracetamol (2 × 500 mg QDS) with no risk factors for slowed metabolism (weight <50 kg, interacting medications, hepatic enzyme inducers, history of liver disease). Significantly, both patients had recently had a dose escalation from 'as needed' dosing to 4 g daily, and the medication was being administered by nursing staff. Our experience shows that even when prescribed appropriately at the usual therapeutic dosage, paracetamol can be hepatotoxic.

Keywords: older people; paracetamol, hepatotoxicity, metabolism, glutathione.

Publication types

  • Case Reports

MeSH terms

  • Acetaminophen / administration & dosage
  • Acetaminophen / adverse effects*
  • Administration, Oral
  • Aged, 80 and over
  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / administration & dosage
  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic / adverse effects*
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / diagnosis
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / etiology*
  • Chemical and Drug Induced Liver Injury / therapy
  • Drug Administration Schedule
  • Fatal Outcome
  • Female
  • Humans
  • Liver Function Tests
  • Risk Factors
  • Treatment Outcome

Substances

  • Analgesics, Non-Narcotic
  • Acetaminophen